公共建筑水系统监测体系的构建

我国公共建筑用水现状动态变化范围大,供水设备综合能效低,并存在漏损难发现、设备选型性能过剩等问题。构建公共建筑用水精细化计量监测体系,可通过收集详尽的供用水数据,形成针对不同工况的供水策略,实现节能降耗,以及对建筑供水系统设计及设备选型优化的数据支撑。阐述公共建筑水系统监测体系,包括监测指标、监测实现方法、监测位置、监测条件的设置等,探讨监测数据的应用价值,指出公共建筑水系统监测体系是实现建筑全面精细化节水的重要技术路径。     

A comprehensive review of image analysis methods for microorganism counting: from classical image processing to deep learning approaches

Microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi play essential roles in many application fields, like biotechnique, medical technique and industrial domain. Microorganism counting techniques are crucial in microorganism analysis, helping biologists and related researchers quantitatively analyze the microorganisms and calculate their characteristics, such as biomass concentration and biological activity. However, traditional microorganism manual counting methods, such as plate counting method, hemocytometry and turbidimetry, are time-consuming, subjective and need complex operations, which are difficult to be applied in large-scale applications. In order to improve this situation, image analysis is applied for microorganism counting since the 1980s, which consists of digital image processing, image segmentation, image classification and suchlike. Image analysis-based microorganism counting methods are efficient comparing with traditional plate counting methods. In this article, we have studied the development of microorganism counting methods using digital image analysis. Firstly, the microorganisms are grouped as bacteria and other microorganisms. Then, the related articles are summarized based on image segmentation methods. Each part of the article is reviewed by methodologies. Moreover, commonly used image processing methods for microorganism counting are summarized and analyzed to find common technological points. More than 144 papers are outlined in this article. In conclusion, this paper provides new ideas for the future development trend of microorganism counting, and provides systematic suggestions for implementing integrated microorganism counting systems in the future. Researchers in other fields can refer to the techniques analyzed in this paper.

     

Diffusion and perfusion MRI parameters in the evaluation of placenta accreta spectrum disorders in patients with placenta previa

Magnetic Resonance Materials in Physics, Biology and Medicine - To evaluate the placental function by monoexponential, biexponential, and diffusion kurtosis MR imaging (MRI) in patients with...     

A hybrid damage model for simulating adiabatic shear bands

International Journal of Fracture - Adiabatic shear band (ASB) is one of the most important failure modes under high strain-rate deformation. In this work, we propose a hybrid damage model to...     

受老空水威胁工作面巷道防治水实践

针对高庄煤矿3_上1104回风巷为沿空掘巷,巷道掘进期间受3_上1102老空水威胁,掘进开采存在严重的水患安全问题,采用超前打设疏水孔的方案来治理老空水威胁,对巷道采用调向增大护巷煤柱厚度等措施实现巷道安全快速掘进,探放水期间无淹巷情况发生,探放水后巷道顶板和上帮无淋水现象发生。     

Establishment of a color tolerance for yarn-dyed fabrics from different color-depth yarns

Yarn-dyed fabric is often woven from warp and weft yarns in the same color depth to ensure a uniform color appearance. The difference in color depth between warp and weft tends to result in the uneven color of the yarn-dyed fabric. This article aims to establish a color tolerance for yarn-dyed fabric that can be woven with a qualified color appearance but from the warp and weft yarns in different color depths. A total of 27 yarn-dyed fabric samples in three color series (red, yellow, and blue) were evaluated by using the yarn-dyed fabric from warp and weft yarns in the same color depth of 2% (on weight of fabric, owf) as the standard. Visual assessment and instrumental measurement of color were carried out to establish the color tolerance ellipse that was defined as CMC (Color Measurement Committee) color differences (2:1) of no more than 1.00. It was found that the color strengths (K/S) and color differences (ΔE_CMC(2:1)) of these fabric samples for each color series had linear relationships with the color depths of warp and weft yarns. The color tolerance ellipses indicated that, even though the warp and weft yarns had an apparent color difference, they could be woven in fabrics with relatively uniform color appearance and meet the requirements for yarn-dyed fabric. This work provided valuable insight into the production of qualified yarn-dyed fabrics from unqualified dyed yarns.     

Learning from crowds with decision trees

Knowledge and Information Systems - Crowdsourcing systems provide an efficient way to collect labeled data by employing non-expert crowd workers. In practice, each instance obtains a multiple noisy...